Genital warts (or Condyloma, Condylomata acuminata, or venereal warts, also anal wart or anogenital wart) is a highly contagious sexually transmitted infection caused by some sub-types of human papillomavirus (HPV). It is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact during oral, genital, or anal sex with an infected partner. Genital warts are the most easily recognized sign of genital HPV infection. They can be caused by strains 6, 11, 30, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52 and 54 of genital HPV; types 6 and 11 are responsible for 90% of genital warts cases.[1] Most people who acquire those strains never develop warts or any other symptoms. HPV also causes many cases of cervical cancer; types 16 and 18 account for 70% of cases.
Treatment
There is no cure for HPV, but there are methods to treat visible warts. Genital warts may disappear without treatment, but sometimes eventually develop a fleshy, small raised growth. There is no way to predict whether they will grow or disappear.
Depending on the size and location of the wart, and other factors, a doctor will offer one of several ways to treat them.
Imiquimod (Aldara) a topical immune response cream, applied to the affected area
A 20% podophyllin anti-mitotic solution, applied to the affected area and later washed off
A 0.5% podofilox solution, applied to the affected area but not to be washed off
A 5% 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cream
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Pulsed dye laser
Liquid nitrogen cryosurgery
Electric or laser cauterization
Condylox
sinec atechins (Veregen) also Polyphenon E: ointment made of several green-tea-extracted catechines and other components. Mode of action is undetermined.[5] It is FDA-approved but very expensive.
Podophyllin and podofilox should not be used during pregnancy, as they are absorbed by the skin and could cause birth defects in the fetus. 5-fluorouracil cream should not be used while trying to become pregnant or if the person taking the medication could be pregnant.
Small warts can be removed by freezing (cryosurgery), burning (electrocautery), or laser treatment. Surgery is occasionally used to remove large warts that have not responded to other treatment. Warts found inside the urethra for men are usually the most difficult to treat, with some cases considered practically untreatable. As such, the virus is not expected to disappear unlike those of external genital warts; recurrence of penile urethral warts are highly frequent and last a lifetime. Male patients who suffer from urethral warts can avail of radical surgical treatment such as a penectomy, but the virus will still live on in their bodies.
Some doctors inject the antiviral drug interferon-alpha directly into the warts, to treat warts that have returned after removal by traditional means. The drug is expensive, and does not reduce the rate that the warts return.[citation needed]
Although treatments can remove the warts, they do not remove the HPV, so warts can recur after treatment. Traditional theories postulated that the virus remained in the body for a lifetime. However, new studies using sensitive DNA techniques have shown that through immunological response the virus can either be cleared or suppressed to levels below what PCR tests can measure. [2] According to the Center for Disease Control's report on HPV to Congress in 2004, studies have shown that 70% of new HPV infections clear within one year, and as many as 91% clear within two years. The median duration of new infections is typically eight months. The gradual development of an effective immune response is thought to be the likely mechanism for HPV DNA clearance. The state of the immune system determines the chances of removing the virus entirely and can be affected by factors such as HIV infection, certain medications, stress, or illness.
Do consult a good doctor for proper treatment.
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Answered by
Laxmikantha
at
11:08 AM on March 14, 2009
