There are several simple methods available to broadly estimate your life insurance needs. Five simple rules are:
1. Income rule
The most basic rule of thumb is provided by the income rule which holds that individual insurance cover should be at least around eight to ten times one's gross annual income. For example, a person earning a gross annual income of Rs 1 lakh should have about Rs 8 to10 lakh in life insurance cover.
2. Income plus expenses rule
This rule suggests that an individual needs insurance equal to five times your gross annual income, plus the total of basic expenses like housing or car loans, personal debt, child's education, etc.
3. Premiums as percentage of income
By this rule, payment of insurance premium depends on disposable income. In other words, one should decide the quantum of insurance after meeting the regular outgo from salary.
From the first two rules, you can make a broad estimate of the minimum insurance you should have. The premium as percentage of income rule can help you fine-tune your cash flow by committing an appropriate percentage of your income for paying life insurance premium.
4. Capital fund rule
This rule suggests that if you need Rs 1 lakh p.a. for your family needs, and assuming you do not have any other income-generating assets, you may like to create a capital fund of Rs 12.5 lakh (Rs 1.25 million) which can yield Rs 1 lakh (Rs 100,000) annual income @ 8% p.a. You may therefore buy a life insurance policy of Rs 12.5 lakh.
5. Family needs approach
This rule holds that you purchase enough life insurance to enable your family to meet various expenses in the event of key earning person's death. Under the family needs approach, one has to divide his family's needs into two main categories: immediate needs at death (cash needs), and ongoing needs (net income needs).
Stage of Life==============Needs =========================Asset s
Initial stage. No family responsibilities.==========Pre mature death leads to minimal needs like funeral expenses=======No worthwhile assets. Just a beginning. May be some cash balance.
Married, with children.==========Premature death causes serious financial problems, as most of the needs continue====Some assets available. Growing assets
Empty nest==========The needs decline once children grow up and get settled. No major financial problems===============Strong assets base, surpassing the financial needs
You may also like to keep in mind that if your family is reasonably wealthy and its protection needs relatively low, you can buy a smaller amount of insurance. Similarly, if your family members have independent earning capacity you may reduce your insurance.
There is a broad relationship between needs and assets over a period of time. Thus, not much life insurance is needed in the initial stage. The same is true in the empty nest stage.
The maximum need for life insurance arises during the mid-phase, when one is married and has children. In other words, one may go for life insurance so long as the asset-level is lower than the need-level.
Answered by
Nagendra
, an ibibo Master,
at
8:52 AM on September 20, 2008