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Ajay Pal's Questions & Answers

in Computers & Technology, Personal Finance & Tax& Cars & Bikes

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Questions Asked: 14

Best Answers: 16

Difference between Server 2000 &2003?

Asked by Pranshu in Networking at 10:57 PM on March 12, 2009

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

the difference between server 2000 & 2003

File system difference (ntfs, fat,fat32)
> In winnt server concept pdc and bdc but there is no concept in 2000
->In winnt server sam database r/w format in pdc and read only format in bdc ,but in 2000 domain and every domain controller sam database read/writer format .
->2000 server can any time any moment become server or member of server simple add/remove dcpromo.But in winnt you have to reinstall operating system.

Answered at 12:27 AM on March 13, 2009

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How to fix hard disk read error in my system?

Asked by Arun Pandian in Computers & Accessories at 7:56 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Run a checkdisk from the windows recovery console. To do this, insert your WinXP installation cd and wait untill you get the option to enter the recovery mode. It might be the case that you'll need to load drivers for your hard disk controller (this is usually the case if you have a SATA hdd), you'll need a driver disk and when the setup asks to press F6 to load the drivers, you should do this.
So, when you are in the recovery console you'll have to select your windows installation (there should only be one) and you'll have to enter the administrator password.
Then you type the following:
chkdsk /r
and let the computer do it's work. The /r option finds bad sectors, re-allocates them and tries to recover information.

If you get a message that there isn't a hdd or a windows installation available, then one of the following things might be wrong:

* completely dead hard disk drive (in this case, the BIOS shouldn't find the hdd either)
* you haven't loaded the drivers for the hdd controller

Answered at 8:05 AM on December 05, 2008

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Animation or Hardware&networking which is best.Have more Salary and comfort..................?

Asked by Rahul Pathak in Computers & Technology at 9:22 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

rahul both the sectors are good . And growing well so it's on you to choose the field in which u have more intrest. If u r going in the field u didn't had intrest for only perks and salary. U think can u able to give ur best the field in which u won't had any intrest. So decide by ourself. Well both the sectors are hot .

The main difference is dat in Animation field u have too much creativity. If u feel u r so creative. and enjoying this then this field is best for u. else u go for Hardware and networking.. Wish u a very bright future,

Answered at 7:49 AM on December 05, 2008

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I understand in linux OS we cant play the CD directly rather it has to be mounted. What exactly is this mounting and unmounting?

Asked by Ashish Kumar in Operating Systems at 8:07 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Every file in the system has an absolute, standard path. I.e. if you have a file /a/b and a symlink /c, which points to /a, you can open the file /a/b as /c/b as well; but if you need 'the' name of the file or 'the' current directory (which /bin/pwd prints), you have to know in which directory b is contained. In your model all files would be in /dev/hdXX/mydir/ and as under windows you would quickly find stored paths in configuration files or automatically generated lists (last recently opened documents and other lists) littered with the _physical_ locations of your files -- which is really bad, because you can't move the files to another disk (or your neighbour's machine) later. Especially in places, where the names have to be unique (you want to rule out the same file being in the list many times) programs have to normalize the file names to 'the standard' name. The rule '/dev/hdXX/mydir/ really means /mymountpoint/mydir/' has to be set up somewhere, e.g. by mouting.

But mounting does many other things, you can pass parameters _how_ to mount the device (read/write access or read-only, which exact filesystem type...), and the internal kernel structures are associated with the device. unmounting on the other hand is a sure way to remove said kernel structures, flush cached unwritten data to the device, ensure noone is still using the device and the media can be removed or the machine shut down securely, etc. Also sometimes it is important _not_ to mount devices, because they are damaged, belong to another system installation and are not to be touched, are only parts of a raid array, or to be used later. So mounting just gives you control over what is where at what time.

Also you can install an automounter which automatically mounts file systems on access, so there is no usability problem with explicit mounting.

Answered at 7:57 AM on December 05, 2008

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What is the definition of software?

Asked by kishore kuma in Computers & Technology at 8:55 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate computers and related devices. (The term hardware describes the physical aspects of computers and related devices.)

Software can be thought of as the variable part of a computer and hardware the invariable part. Software is often divided into application software (programs that do work users are directly interested in) and system software (which includes operating systems and any program that supports application software). The term middleware is sometimes used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software (for example, sending a remote work request from an application in a computer that has one kind of operating system to an application in a computer with a different operating system).

An additional and difficult-to-classify category of software is the utility, which is a small useful program with limited capability. Some utilities come with operating systems. Like applications, utilities tend to be separately installable and capable of being used independently from the rest of the operating system.

applets are small applications that sometimes come with the operating system as "accessories." They can also be created independently using the Java or other programming languages.

Software can be purchased or acquired as shareware (usually intended for sale after a trial period), liteware (shareware with some capabilities disabled), freeware (free software but with copyright restrictions), public domain software (free with no restrictions), and open source (software where the source code is furnished and users agree not to limit the distribution of improvements).

Software is often packaged on CD-ROMs and diskettes. Today, much purchased software, shareware, and freeware is downloaded over the Internet. A new trend is software that is made available for use at another site known as an application service provider.

Some general kinds of application software include:

* Productivity software, which includes word processors, spreadsheets, and tools for use by most computer users

* Presentation software

* Graphics software for graphic designers

* CAD/CAM software

* Specialized scientific applications

* vertical market or industry-specific software (for example, for banking, insurance, retail, and manufacturing environments)

firmware or microcode is programming that is loaded into a special area on a microprocessor or read-only memory on a one-time or infrequent basis so that thereafter it seems to be part of the hardware.

Answered at 7:51 AM on December 05, 2008

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I'm curious to know about Intel Centrino Duo technology. Any help pls?

Asked by Arun Pandian in Computers & Accessories at 8:01 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Intel centrino Duo technology is the latest technology provided by the Intel corportaion. Well features of this technology are :-

The heart of the new Centrino Duo design is the new GM965 mobile chipset and Core 2 Duo processor combination. There are five key areas of improvement found in this new design that can benefit consumers and their notebook computers.

1. Faster Processors and Chipset

The most notable feature of the Centrino Duo is the new Core 2 Duo mobile processors that will utilize a 800MHz frontside bus. Previous generations of Core 2 Duo processor only supported up to a 667MHz bus speed. This allows the notebooks to use faster DDR2 memory and also provide a general performance boost to memory intensive applications.

2. Improved Battery Life

Battery life improvements are the most practical application of the new design that users will benefit from. Intel previously developed a process called SpeedStep that would reduce the multiplier on the CPU during inactive periods to reduce power consumption. The problem with this is the chipset still would run at its full frontside bus and thus full power. The new chipset and processors allow the bus speed to also vary further reducing power consumption over previous Centrino chipsets. Another feature is the Deep Slumber mode that prevents status requests from waking up the processor when the system was inactive. Both of these combined will add to the general battery life of a notebook.

3. Support For Newer Wireless Standards

For those doing wireless networking, Intel is also adding in wireless chipset support for the draft version of the 802.11n standard. This allows the notebook to run at faster speeds and over greater distances in a compatible wireless network. Even though it is only the draft version now, Intel has promised that a software update will make it compatible with the final 802.11n standard when approved.

4. Intel Turbo Memory (optional)

The Intel Turbo Memory feature is optional for the Centrino Duo badged systems. This is a feature whereby NAND memory is included on the motherboard to take advantage of the new ReadyBoost feature of the Windows Vista operating system. ReadyBoost essentially adds in flash memory as a boost or cache to the existing system memory. This combined with the Windows SuperFetch promises to improve system response times.

5. Improved Integrated Graphics

Finally, Intel is upgrading its integrated graphics solutions to be compatible with the new Vista Aero interface. While the older Intel GMA 950 could run some portions of the Aero interface, it couldn't take full advantage of it. The new X3100 graphics solution increases the performance of the integrated graphics while adding in Clear Video Technology. This helps improve the overall clarity of video by de-interlacing video streams.

Answered at 8:02 AM on December 05, 2008

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Systems analysis what does it mean???

Asked by arun nair in Computers & Technology at 11:34 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

System development can generally be thought of having two major components: systems analysis and systems design.In System Analysis more emphasis is given to understanding the details of an existing system or a proposed one and then deciding whether the proposed system is desirable or not and whether the existing system needs improvements.

Thus, system analysis is the process of investigating a system, identifying problems, and using the information to recommend improvements to the system.

Answered at 7:25 AM on December 05, 2008

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Schema object what is it???

Asked by arun nair in Computers & Technology at 11:28 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Associated with each database user is a schema.

A schema is a collection of schema objects. Examples of schema objects include tables, views, sequences, synonyms, indexes, clusters, database links, snapshots, procedures, functions, and packages.

Schema objects are logical data storage structures. Schema objects do not have a one-to-one correspondence to physical files on disk that store their information. However, Oracle stores a schema object logically within a tablespace of the database.

The data of each object is physically contained in one or more of the tablespace's datafiles. For some objects such as tables, indexes, and clusters, you can specify how much disk space Oracle allocates for the object within the tablespace's datafiles.

There is no relationship between schemas and tablespaces: a tablespace can contain objects from different schemas, and the objects for a schema can be contained in different tablespaces.

Answered at 7:31 AM on December 05, 2008

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Semantic interoperability what does it maen??

Asked by arun nair in Computers & Technology at 11:56 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

Semantic Interoperability :

Data semantics is the relationship between data and what the data stand for. In order to obtain mutual understanding of interchanged data, the actors have to share a model of what the data represent. Semantic interoperability is about how to achieve such mutual understanding.

In order to achieve this we use concepts and symbols. The concept is the unit of thought. The symbol is the unit of language.

Theories, such as Newton's theory of motion, are structures of thoughts, and referents like force, mass and acceleration are the units of these structures. Conceptual knowledge comes wrapped in symbols, eg mathematical notation, words or diagrams, which are the linguistic expressions of knowledge. In order to access the ideas of other people, ie the concepts in their UoT, we must understand the conceptual structures that are employed in the common UoS. Furthermore, we need to understand the relationship between the symbols and the ideas they stand for.

Answered at 7:20 AM on December 05, 2008

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Hello i have completed my BCA and now i am doing MCA ,how can i get certification or specialization in particular subject like .Net , java or oracle orSQLServe?

Asked Anonymously in Computers & Technology at 9:26 PM on December 04, 2008

Ajay Pal's Answer

Hi,

ITs better if u have specialisation in any particular language. well there are some international courses available for each topic u asked about.

1. Microsoft provides a specilisation certificate in .Net language. For dat u contact any Niit centre near by your place. From dere u get all the information for .Net specialisation.

2. FOr JAVA dere is only one certifiction course is avaialbe and dat is in demand. and help u to make ur career higher. That is Sun Java Certification . This certification is provided by the sun microsystems.. They organised a online exam for this certification. After successfully compliing this test u ll get instantly ceritfication. FOr more information please visit :-

http://www.sun.com/training/c ertification/java/index.xml

Answered at 7:40 AM on December 05, 2008

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