Fear in medical terminology is called as Phobias.To certain extent fear is a normal emotion found in human beings as its safety measure from natural and other disastourous states for example fear of fire, ocean, storm , snake etc.
But when fear or Phobias are resent dispropotionately in abnormally higher quantity so as to effect the daily routing & psyche of the individual and without any sound basis existing for the fear to occur then it is called as Phobic Neurosis.Its a minor Psycho Neurotic Disorder and requires treatment by a psychiatrist after early diagnosis.
A phobia is an excessive or unreasonable fear of a specific object or situation that is generally considered harmless. In fact, if you have a phobia, you probably realize that your fear is unreasonable, yet you still can’t control it. If you are exposed to the thing you’re afraid of, you become overwhelmed with extreme feelings of anxiety, fear, and even panic. This experience is so unpleasant that you will go to great lengths to avoid the object or situation you fear.
When are fears considered phobias? Fear is an adaptive human response to danger. It serves a protective purpose, activating the “fight-or-flight” response of the sympathetic nervous system. When faced with danger, our sympathetic nervous system produces adrenaline. This excess adrenaline prepares us to fight or to flee the physical threat. The fight-or-flight response includes an increase in heart rate and blood flow to our large muscles, better enabling us to react to the emergency. Blood sugar also increases, providing us with more energy. With our bodies and minds alert and ready for action, we are able to respond quickly and protect ourselves.
Although it is normal and even helpful to experience fear in dangerous situations, with phobias the danger is greatly exaggerated or imagined. For example, it is only natural to be afraid of a snarling Doberman, but it is irrational to be terrified of a friendly poodle on a leash, as you might be if you have a dog phobia. Fears become a reason for concern when they are persistent and interfere with your daily functioning. When a fear reaches this level of intensity, it is often identified as a phobia.
Treatment for phobias
The most frequently used form of therapy for the treatment of specific phobias is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) called systematic desensitization or exposure therapy.
Exposure Therapy
In desensitization or exposure therapy, you are exposed in a safe and controlled way to the object or situation you fear. The most commonly used exposure therapy involves gradual encounters with the fear-producing object, first in the imagination and then in reality. For example, if you have a spider phobia, you would first imagine seeing a spider, then view photos of spiders, and finally look at a spider in real life. In each of these situations, the fear is faced long enough, with support and increasing awareness of control that the panic and anxiety begin to go away. These exposures are combined with relaxation techniques and a therapist or friend at your side to provide support.
Through repeated experiences facing your fear, you begin to realize that the situation, while possibly unpleasant, is not harmful. With each exposure, you feel an increasing sense of control over your phobia. This sense of control over the situation and yourself is the most important benefit of exposure therapy. As you become desensitized to your fear, you no longer react with uncontrollable panic when confronted by it. For more information on this type of therapy, see Systematic Desensitization.
Another type of exposure therapy called participant modeling is also helpful. In participant modeling, the therapist models healthy ways of interacting with the object you fear. In the case of a spider phobia, you would watch while a therapist handles or looks at a spider in a relaxed state and without fear. Then you wo
Answered by
Dr.Anil
, an ibibo Advisor,
at
3:19 AM on March 12, 2008