Rheumatic fever (RF) can develop after an infection by the group A streptococcus bacterium. The resulting inflammatory illness can damage heart valves; this is called rheumatic heart disease (RHD).
About 30-50% of people who develop rheumatic fever will experience inflammation of the heart. It is therefore one of the most common, but also most serious, complications associated with rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever can cause thickening and scarring of the heart valves, making them narrower (stenosis) or causing them to leak. It can also affect the pumping power of the heart, limiting its ability to efficiently circulate blood around the body.
This type of heart damage is known as rheumatic heart disease. If the damage is severe, surgery may be required to repair or replace the damaged valve, and prevent the disease from causing heart failure.
As well as heart disease, rheumatic fever can also cause other complications as outlined below.
* Joint problems - rheumatic fever can cause painful swelling and reddening of the joints.
* Nervous system - about 1 in 10 patients with rheumatic fever will experience an effect on their nervous system. The condition can lead to a loss of co-ordination and cause involuntary movements in the limbs and face. This is known as chorea or St Vitus' dance. However, it usually only lasts for a few weeks or months.
* Skin - occasionally rheumatic fever can cause irregular pink or red patches on your skin. You may also develop lumps or nodules under your skin. These are usually painless and range in size from a few millimetres to two centimetres. They tend to appear on the elbows, knees, ankles, knuckles and scalp. They will usually disappear within a month. YES IT IS A CARDIOLOGISTS CASE.....In treating rheumatic fever, the main aims are to:
* eradicate the streptococcal infection,
* ease inflammation of the joints and skin, and
* provide supportive treatment for any cardiac (heart) problems.
At present it is not preventable but trials to develop a vaccine is going on.....
Answered by keerthy
at
2:00 AM on October 08, 2007