What is Programming Language?  

well, programming language is Its focus is on combining the power and high performance of C and C++ with the programmer productivity of modern languages like Ruby and Python. Special attention is given to the needs of quality assurance, documentation, management, portability and reliability.

The D language is statically typed and compiles directly to machine code. It's multiparadigm, supporting many programming styles: imperative, object oriented, and metaprogramming. It's a member of the C syntax family, and its appearance is very similar to that of C++. For a quick comparison of the features, see this comparison of D with C, C++, C# and Java.

It is not governed by a corporate agenda or any overarching theory of programming. The needs and contributions of the D programming community form the direction it goes.

There are currently two implementations, the Digital Mars DMD package for Win32 and x86 Linux, and the GCC D Compiler package for several platforms, including Windows and Mac OS X.

A large and growing collection of D source code and projects are at dsource. More links to innumerable D wikis, libraries, tools, media articles, etc. are at dlinks.
source site: http://www.digitalmars.com/d/

Answered by Nidhi Singh at 5:41 PM on October 07, 2008

Hi Aruna

A programming language is a notation for writing programs. The definition of a particular language consists of both syntax (how the various symbols of the language may be combined) and semantics (the meaning of the language constructs). There are a great number of programming languages in existence and no one language is suitable for writing all types of programs. The language a programmer uses to create an application will depend on the desired properties of the program. Some programming languages lend themselves to mathematical and analytical functions while others are better suited for creating business or data processing applications. The programming language field is wide and complex, encompassing a large number of disciplines.

Thanks n regards

Suparn@

Answered by Suparna at 10:37 PM on September 27, 2008

hi !A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer.[1] Programming languages are defined by syntactic and semantic rules which describe their structure and meaning respectively. Many programming languages have some form of written specification of their syntax and semantics; some are defined by an official implementation (for example, an ISO Standard), while others have a dominant implementation (such as Perl).

Programming languages are also used to facilitate communication about the task of organizing and manipulating information, and to express algorithms precisely. Some authors restrict the term "programming language" to those languages that can express all possible algorithms;[2] sometimes the term "computer language" is used for more limited artificial languages.Programming language
lists
Alphabetical
Cate gorical
Chronological
Generationa l


Thousands of different programming languages have been created so far,[3] and new languages are created every year.
for more inf check http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progra mming_language

Answered by raj u at 5:00 PM on September 26, 2008

well;
This page is more abstract and wide-ranging than other pages of this site. For one thing, it's about languages, not products. Granted, in most cases, using a language means acquiring some development software, but I'm trying to treat that as a secondary question here, to put the languages themselves under the spotlight.
These are all "living languages", ranging in age from several decades to several months. I've tried to group them by their family similarities, but that's easier said than done. The order is arbitrary, and isn't intended to imply that Language A is "better" than Language B, because what's good for one situation may not be good for another. I try to describe each language in terms of its major characteristics, availability, and typical uses. (My glossary links may come in handy for understanding these comments.) The origin of each language's name is listed in [brackets].
This list is by no means complete; there are more languages missing than included. I've tried to focus on the more general-purpose languages, rather than those tied to a specific use. (Languages used as a web-scripting technology have their own page.) And of course there are many "dead" or rarely-used languages, that I've left out - however noteworthy - because they're only of historical interest. Also, I don't claim to be an expert in languages; I find them fascinating, and I've used a dozen or two over the course of my education and career, but due to time constraints I'm really just a dabbler in this field. I'm indebted to the many genuine experts who've given me tips and corrections for this page. This page is also still under construction, and I apologise for the blank spots.
Machine Language refers to the "ones and zeroes" that digital processors use as instructions. Give it one pattern of bits (such as 11001001) and it will add two numbers, give it a different pattern (11001010) and it will instead subtract one from the other. In as little as a billionth of second. The instruction sets within a CPU family are usually compatible, but not between product lines. For example, Intel's x86/Pentium language and Motorola's PPC/Gx language are completely incompatible. Machine Language is painfully difficult to work with, and almost never worth the effort anymore. Instead programmers use the higher-level languages below, which are either compiled or interpretted into machine language by the computer itself.
Assembly Language is as close as you can come to writing in machine language, but has the advantage that it's also human-readable... using a small vocabulary of words with one syllable. Each written instruction (such as MOV A,B) typically corresponds to a single machine-language instruction (such as 11001001). An assembler makes the translation before the program is executed. Back when CPU speed was measured in kiloHertz and storage space was measured in kiloBytes, Assembly was the most cost-efficient way to implement a program. It's used less often now (with all those kilo's replaced by mega's or giga's, and even tera's on the horizon, it seems no one cares anymore about efficiency), but if you need speed and/or compactness above all else, Assembly is the solution.

Answered by Kishore at 8:41 AM on September 26, 2008

A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer.[1] Programming languages are defined by syntactic and semantic rules which describe their structure and meaning respectively. Many programming languages have some form of written specification of their syntax and semantics; some are defined by an official implementation (for example, an ISO Standard), while others have a dominant implementation (such as Perl).

Programming languages are also used to facilitate communication about the task of organizing and manipulating information, and to express algorithms precisely. Some authors restrict the term "programming language" to those languages that can express all possible algorithms;[2] sometimes the term "computer language" is used for more limited artificial languages.
Programming language
lists

* Alphabetical
* Categorical
* Chronological
* Generational

Thousands of different programming languages have been created so far,[3] and new languages are created every year.


THANKS

Answered by Abuzar at 2:15 AM on September 26, 2008

A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer.[1] Programming languages are defined by syntactic and semantic rules which describe their structure and meaning respectively. Many programming languages have some form of written specification of their syntax and semantics; some are defined by an official implementation (for example, an ISO Standard), while others have a dominant implementation (such as Perl).

Programming languages are also used to facilitate communication about the task of organizing and manipulating information, and to express algorithms precisely. Some authors restrict the term "programming language" to those languages that can express all possible algorithms;[2] sometimes the term "computer language" is used for more limited artificial languages.

Programming language lists

* Alphabetical
* Categorical
* Chronological
* Generational
Programming languages differ from most other forms of human expression in that they require a greater degree of precision and completeness. When using a natural language to communicate with other people, human authors and speakers can be ambiguous and make small errors, and still expect their intent to be understood. However, figuratively speaking, computers "do exactly what they are told to do", and cannot "understand" what code the programmer intended to write. The combination of the language definition, a program, and the program's inputs must fully specify the external behavior that occurs when the program is executed, within the domain of control of that program.

Programs for a computer might be executed in a batch process without human interaction, or a user might type commands in an interactive session of an interpreter. In this case the "commands" are simply programs, whose execution is chained together. When a language is used to give commands to a software application (such as a shell) it's called a scripting language.

Many languages have been designed from scratch, altered to meet new needs, combined with other languages, and eventually fallen into disuse. Although there have been attempts to design one "universal" computer language that serves all purposes, all of them have failed to be generally accepted as filling this role.[8] The need for diverse computer languages arises from the diversity of contexts in which languages are used:

* Programs range from tiny scripts written by individual hobbyists to huge systems written by hundreds of programmers.
* Programmers range in expertise from novices who need simplicity above all else, to experts who may be comfortable with considerable complexity.
* Programs must balance speed, size, and simplicity on systems ranging from microcontrollers to supercomputers.
* Programs may be written once and not change for generations, or they may undergo nearly constant modification.
* Finally, programmers may simply differ in their tastes: they may be accustomed to discussing problems and expressing them in a particular language.
Typed versus untyped languages

A language is typed if the specification of every operation defines types of data to which the operation is applicable, with the implication that it is not applicable to other types.[14] For example, "this text between the quotes" is a string. In most programming languages, dividing a number by a string has no meaning. Most modern programming languages will therefore reject any program attempting to perform such an operation. In some languages, the meaningless operation will be detected when the program is compiled ("static" type checking), and rejected by the compiler, while in others, it will be detected when the program is run ("dynamic" type checking), resulting in a runtime exceptio

Answered by jaivir at 9:05 PM on September 25, 2008

In the computer industry, these abbreviations are widely used to represent major steps or "generations" in the evolution of programming languages.

1GL or first-generation language was (and still is) machine language or the level of instructions and data that the processor is actually given to work on (which in conventional computers is a string of 0s and 1s).

2GL or second-generation language is assembler (sometimes called "assembly") language. A typical 2GL instruction looks like this:

ADD 12,8

An assembler converts the assembler language statements into machine language.

3GL or third-generation language is a "high-level" programming language, such as PL/I, C, or Java. Java language statements look like this:

public boolean handleEvent (Event evt) {
switch (evt.id) {
case Event.ACTION_EVENT: {
if ("Try me" .equald(evt.arg)) {

A compiler converts the statements of a specific high-level programming language into machine language. (In the case of Java, the output is called bytecode, which is converted into appropriate machine language by a Java virtual machine that runs as part of an operating system platform.) A 3GL language requires a considerable amount of programming knowledge.

4GL or fourth-generation language is designed to be closer to natural language than a 3GL language. Languages for accessing databases are often described as 4GLs. A 4GL language statement might look like this:

EXTRACT ALL CUSTOMERS WHERE "PREVIOUS PURCHASES" TOTAL MORE THAN $1000

5GL or fifth-generation language is programming that uses a visual or graphical development interface to create source language that is usually compiled with a 3GL or 4GL language compiler. Microsoft, Borland, IBM, and other companies make 5GL visual programming products for developing applications in Java, for example. Visual programming allows you to easily envision object-oriented programming class hierarchies and drag icons to assemble program components.

For more information-
http://searchcio-midm arket.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0, ,sid183_gci211502,00.html

Answered by Nagendra at 6:49 PM on September 25, 2008

Hi

C++ is a general purpose programming language with a bias towards systems programming that
is a better C
supports data abstraction
supports object-oriented programming
supports generic programming.

And for more information visit the source site:

http://www.research.att.co m/~bs/C++.html

Answered by Deepak at 6:41 PM on September 25, 2008

Programming language - a higher level language than machine code for writing programs. programming languages use variations of basic english

Answered by Nishu's at 6:09 PM on September 25, 2008